A commercial debt collection agency recovers debts owed between businesses. This is fundamentally different from consumer debt collection in regulation, methodology, and available enforcement tools.
The Key Distinction
Consumer collection agencies recover debts owed by individuals — credit cards, medical bills, personal loans. They operate under strict consumer protection regulations (FDCPA in the US, Consumer Credit Act in the UK). Commercial collection agencies recover debts owed between companies — unpaid invoices, trade receivables, contractual obligations. Commercial claims are subject to commercial law, which typically provides stronger creditor tools.
What Commercial Agencies Do
Verify the debtor's corporate status and financial position. Send demand letters in the debtor's language citing local enforcement mechanisms. Negotiate payment arrangements. File court proceedings through fast-track procedures (Mahnverfahren, IOS, monitorio, EPU). Execute enforcement through bank seizure, asset attachment, and insolvency proceedings.
How They Charge
Most commercial agencies operate on contingency: 15-25% commission on amicable recovery, 25-35% on litigated claims. No recovery, no fee. Some agencies charge flat fees for demand letters or court filings — assess whether this model serves your interests or the agency's.
International Capability
The most valuable commercial agencies operate internationally — collecting across jurisdictions through local offices or vetted correspondent networks. A creditor in London should be able to place a claim against a debtor in São Paulo, Istanbul, or Shanghai through a single agency.